Steam-turbine.



G. W. BAKER.

STEAM TURBINE. 1

APPLICATION FILED APE. 3, 1913.

1,070,659. Patented Aug.19, 1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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I Attorneys G. W. BAKER.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED 1123.3, 1913.

1,070,659, Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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GEORGE W. BAKER, OF RHEEMS, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ang. 19,1913.

Application filed April 3, 1913. Serial No. 758,682.

To all w/z-om t may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE W. BAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rheems, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Steam-Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in steam turbines, one object of the invention being the provision of a steam turbine, in which't-he admission port is disposed centrally and steam is conducted by means of a governor actuated throttle device in opposite directions through a plurality of stationary impact and rotating shaft carried means, said stationary means constituting the stator while the rotary means constitutes the rotor of the turbine, the steam being exhausted from both ends of the engine after having passed through the various stages of impact and expansion to impart rotary movement to the shaft.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of governor actuated means for automatically controlling the admission of the steam so that the speed of the rotor will be maintained uniform.

1With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

ln the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a steam turbine made according to and embodying the present invention, the central. portion being shown in section to illustrate the throttling means and the courses of the steam from the center to ward the ends of the engine. Fig. 2 is a sec.- tion taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 23 and t are obverse and reverse views, respectively, of one of the rot-or disks. Figs. 5 and G are obverse and reverse views, respectively, of one of the stator disks.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the base which has mounted thereon, the casing 2 provided with the respective heads 3 and 4, there being disposed concentrically through the heads and the casing 2, the rotor shaft 5.

A centrally disposed inlet conduit 6 is provided, which opens into the annular channel or inlet chamber' 6 of the stator, said chamber being in communication with the ehambered portion of the annular member 7, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. By this means pressure fluid is conducted around the channel portion 8 of the governor actuated throttle member 9, which is provided with the outstanding peripheral rims 10 and 11 respectively. Formed in these rims are the apertures or ports 12 and 13 respectively, which provide means for conducting the steam or pressure fluid in opposite directions through the ports aw?) of the member 7. By this means the pressure fluid or steam is directed in two opposite directions and follows the course formed by the respective stator members 14C and rotor members 15, the detail structure of which will be set forth later on. Disposed centrally of the casing and rotatable with the shaft 5 are the two disks 16 and 16', the peripheral edge of which terminates adjacent to the inner edge of the throttling member 9 and the edges of the chamber forming member 7, said members 16-16 being provided with the circumferentially disposed chamber 17 providing the smooth surface 18, which constitutes a friction surface. Pivoted at equidistant points to the inwardly projecting rim 19 of the throttle controlling member 9 by means of the pins 20, are the arms or levers 21, each one of which is provided with a brake shoe 22 disposed to engage the surface 18 and be held in resilient Contact thereto by means of the springs 23. The detail operation of the governor will be set forth later on.

rlhe respective outer faces of the members 1G--16, are provided with the concentric shouldered portions 29 terminating in the pockets 30, while each stator disk 14, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and G, is provided with the oppositely disposed circumferentially recessed portions 24H24?, one of which, portions 24 of the first set, is disposed CIT to receive the steam from the nozzles ab at the initial introduction of steam into the casing. rthe concentric recessed portions 24e-24e and 26H26 of the disks 14 provide the oppositely disposed concentric ridges 25-25, and 27-27, the inner edge 28 being rounded so as to permit of the passage of the pressure fluid around said edge through the aperture formed in the disk and the adjacent cavity formed by the recessed portions and 31 of the members 16--16 and the rotor disks 15. The portions 26-26 of the disk llt are smooth and recessed so that the ridges form nozzles to assist in confining the steam and permit it to expand to actefliciently upon the rotor members in its passage outwardly and inwardly, there being two stages of action upon each side of the rotor disks.

Each disk, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and it, is provided with the oppositely disposed concentric recessed portions 31-31 adjacent the hub of the disk, the oppositely disposed ribs or corrugations 32-32, and the rounded peripheral edge 34, said peripheral edge 34 being disposed in spaced relation to the opposed recesses 2%24' of the stationary disk 12, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1. It will thus be seen that steam entering the ports 13 and Z) will abut and enter the chamber formed by the recess 25 of the first stationary disk la, and will pass downwardly in the direction of the arrows, acting upon the recessed surface 2G finally entering the pockets formed by the cavities 30 and 31 around the inner end of the disk 111 and outwardly and act upon the corrugated surface 32 of the disk 15, the recessed portion 26 of the disk 14 acting in opposition to the impact and expansion of the steam so that the power exerted upon the corrugated surface 32 of the disk 15 will rotate the same. The expanding steam passes outwardly and around the outer peripheral edge 34 of the rotor disk 15 through the pockets formed by the recessed portions 24h-24 of adjacentdisk 141A, and moves ii'lwardly toward the axis of the rotor, acting upon the oppositely corrugated and recessed surfaces 32 and 26 of the disks 15 and let so that the continued action of the steam will be to rotate the shaft in the same direction and until the steam is finally exhaused into the exhaust chamber 35 and through the outlets 36e-36.

In an engine of this cha 1acter, there is preferably five rotor disks upon each side of the center and five stationary disks and each disk on the rotor is what is known as a four stage disk. The ridges 25-25 and 2'7-27 of the stator disk 14 are provided to dispense with nozzles and the spaces @t3-QG which are recessed are not provided with corrugations, the ridges so disposed with relation to the corrugated portion of the adjacent rotor disk 15 as to cause the maximum impacting and expansion of the steam to act upon the rotor disk at the corrugated portion and impart to the shaft, the desired rotary movement. The respective corrugated surfaces 32-3Q of the rotor disk 15 may have their faces in parallel er may be concaved as may be found most expedient, and still be within the scope of the present invention.

In order to provide a means to coact or oppose the levers 21 due to the friction action of their shoes 22 with the surface 18, the periphery of the rim 11, as shown in Fig. 2 is provided with a plurality of teeth 37 at one point, said teeth being in mesh at all times with the toothed portion 39 of the mutilated gear or disk 38, said gear 38 being mounted within the casing 10 carried by the main casing 2 and having its axle or shaft t1 connected to one end of the lever 4t2. Under ordinary conditions the normal pulling action upon the throttling member 9 is in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Fig. 2, and will therefore rotate the disk 38 in the direction of the arrow so as to move the free end of the lever away from the casing 2. In order to prevent the too far movement of the same and to regulate the throttling effect of the member 9, so that the shaft 5 may berotated at a desired predetermined speed, the stem 13 is connected to the free end of the lever which carries the disk t upon the inner end, there being a spring disposed upon the stem and mounted within the casing 46, which exerts a tension to pull the free end of the lever 12 inwardly or rotate the disk et?, in the direction in opposition to the arrow. By this means it will be seen that when the shaft 5 is being rotated at a too great speed, that the throttle member 9 will be actuated to shut down the entrance of the steam to the rotor, and that as soon as the speed has been reduced, the governor will act in the proper direction to operate the throttle member 9 to admit the steam for operating the rotor. It will thus be seen hat by adjusting the tension Vof the spring t5, the throttling effect of the member 9 may he regulated and that a constant speed of the rotor will be maintained automatically.

' that is claimed is:

1. .it steam turbine, having a stator provided with a steam inlet and outlet, a rotor mounted in the stator, an oscillatory throttle member mounted in the stator adjacent the steam inlet and biased toward open position, and coperable means carried by the throttle member and rotor and ope-rated in opposition to the biased throttle member to move the throttle to regulate the flow of steam according to the speed of the rotor.

2. A steam turbine, having a stator provided with a steam inlet and outlet, a rotor mounted in the stator, an oscillatory ring provided with a peripheral channel disposed to receive the steam trom the inlet, said ring being provided vfith a plurality of nozzles to direct the steam to the rotor, said ring being biased to maintain the nozzle in open position, and coperable means carried b1. the ring and rotor and operated in opposition to the bias et the ring to move the ring to regulate the flow of steam through the nozzles and according to the speed of the rotor.

3. A steam turbine, having a stator provided with a steam inlet and outlet, a rotor mounted in the stator, an oscillatory throttle member mounted in thestator adjacent the steam inlet and biased toward open position, a plurality of resiliently held brake members carried by the ring and bearing against the rotor, the same coacting with the rotor to provide a means to, at a predetermined speed, oscillate the ring in opposition to its bias to regulate the iioW of steam through the nozzles.

li. A steam turbine, having a stator provided with a steam inlet and outlet, a rotor mounted in the stator, an oscillatory ring provided With a peripheral channel disposed to receive the steam from the inlet, said ring being provided With a plurality of nozzles to direct the steam to the rotor, said ring being biased to maintain the nozzles in open position, a cylindrical portion carried by the rotor concentrically ot the ring, and a plurality of spring actuated braking members pivoted to the ring and in rictional engagement With the cylindrical portion of the rotor, whereby the speed of the rotor voperates the same to oscillate the throttling ring in opposition to its bias and to regulate the amount of steam operating the rotor.

5. [i steam turbine, having a stator' provided With a steam inlet and outlet, a rotor having a cylindrical portion adjacent the inlet mounted in the stator, an oscillatory throttling ring mounted in the stator adjacent the inlet and .concentrically about the cylindrical portion of the rotor, said ring being provided With a plurality of nozzles, means disposed in coactive relation With the nozzles and forming injecting nozzles for the rotor, a spring actuated means operably connected to the throttling ring to maintain the same in one eXtreme direction, and means carried by said ring and disposed in lrictional enga-gement with the cylindrical portion of the rotor, whereby said means due to the action ot the rotor will operate the throttling ring in opposition to the spring actuated mechanism.

6. A steam turbine, having a stator provided With a steam inlet and outlet, a rotor having a cylindrical portion adjacent the inlet mounted in the stator, an oscillatory throttling ring mounted in the stator adjacent the inlet and concentrically about the cylindrical portion ot the rotor, said ring being provided with a plurality olf nozzles, means disposed in coact-ive relation with the nozzles and forming injecting nozzles tor the rotor, a spring actuated means operably connected to the throttling ring to maintain the same in one extreme direction, and a plurality ot spring actuated braking members connected to the throttling ring and disposed in frictional engagement to the cylindrical portion ot' the rotor, whereby the action ot the rotor thro-ugh the spring actuated braking members Will operate the throt-tling ring in opposition to the spring actuated means.

7. A steam turbine, having a stator with a centrally disposed steam inlet and a plurality of outlets, a member disposed concentrically Within the stator and providing a concentric steam induction channel in communication With the inlet, a throttling ring mounted for oscillation in said channel, a rotor having oppositely disposed steam receiving portions mounted in the stator, and coperable means carried by the throttling ring and the adjacent portion of the rotor for automatically actuating the throttling ring.

8. A steam turbine, having a stator With a centrally disposed steam inlet and a plurality of outlets, a member disposed concentrically Within the stator and providing a concentric steam induction channel in communication with the inlet, a throttling ring mounted for oscillation in said channel, a rotor having oppositely disposed steam receiving port-ions mounted in the stator, a spring actuated mechanism for biasing the throttling ring in one direction, and means carried by the throttling ring and disposed to engage the cylindrical portion of the rotor to permit the rotor to operate the throttling ring in opposition to the spring actuated means.

9. A steam turbine, having a stator provided With a centrally disposed steam inlet and a plurality of outlets, an annular member provided With a circumferential channel mounted Within the stator With the channel in communication with the inlet, said annular member' being provided With oppositely disposed steam introduction nozzles, a rotor journaled in the stator and pro-- vided with tivo set-s of steam active surfaces extending in opposite directions from the annular member ot the stator, an oscillatory throttling member mounted in the circumferential channel of the annular member and provided with a plurality of nozzles for coactive relation with the nozzles of the annular member, spring actuated means for moving the throttling member to cause its nozzle to be placed in .full registration with In testimony that l claim the foregoing as the nozzles oi' the annular member, and eomy own, I have hereto afliXed my signature operable means carried by the tlnottlng in the presence oi two Witnesses.

means and the rotor for operating the throt- GEORGE WV. BAKER.

tling means at a predetermined speed of the litnesses: rotor to operate the tlirot-tllng means in op- RALPH KROMER, position to the spring actuated means. S. B. FISHER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

